Which two structures are found in the brain stem?

The brain stem is a vital part of the central nervous system that connects the brain to the spinal cord and is responsible for many foundational life functions, such as regulating heart rate, breathing, and consciousness. The two structures that are specifically found in the brain stem are the pons and medulla oblongata.

The pons plays a crucial role in relaying signals between different parts of the brain, particularly between the cerebellum and the cerebrum, and is involved in regulating sleep and arousal. The medulla oblongata, located just below the pons, controls autonomic functions like respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure, making it essential for survival.

Understanding the function and location of these structures highlights their importance in maintaining basic life processes, which makes them key components of the brain stem.