Which psychological method allows patients to discuss emotional problems through free associations?

The method in which patients discuss their emotional problems through free associations is known as Freud and Breuer's method. This approach is rooted in psychoanalytic theory, where the idea of free association allows individuals to express their thoughts freely without censorship. This technique encourages patients to say whatever comes to mind, helping to uncover underlying thoughts, feelings, and memories that may be contributing to their emotional distress.

By facilitating this open form of dialogue, the therapist can access the unconscious mind and explore deeper issues that may not be addressed in more structured therapeutic models. Freud and Breuer's method emphasizes the importance of understanding the patient’s past experiences and internal conflicts, which can lead to insights and potential resolutions of their emotional problems. This is fundamental to psychoanalysis and has significantly influenced modern psychotherapy practices.

Other methods like cognitive therapy focus more on changing thought patterns, humanistic therapy emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, and behavioral therapy centers on modifying specific behaviors rather than exploring emotional associations, making them less aligned with the concept of free association utilized in Freud and Breuer's method.