Which of the following is a major barrier to effective healthcare communication?

Language differences represent a significant barrier to effective healthcare communication. When healthcare providers and patients do not share a common language, it can lead to misunderstandings regarding symptoms, treatment options, medication instructions, and follow-up care. This lack of understanding may impair patient compliance and result in poorer health outcomes.

Overcoming language barriers often requires additional resources such as interpreters or translated materials, but even then, nuances and cultural contexts can add complexity. In contrast, clarity in messaging, patient education, and the use of technology generally enhance communication by improving understanding and access to information, rather than hindering it.