What is the medical term for excessive fluid in the cranium at birth?

Hydrocephalus is the medical term used to describe excessive fluid accumulation within the cranial cavity at birth. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance between the production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to increased intracranial pressure and potential damage to brain tissues. Infants with hydrocephalus may exhibit symptoms such as an enlarged head, irritability, and developmental delays.

Cerebral palsy refers to a group of disorders affecting movement and muscle tone, often due to brain damage that occurs during development. While it may be related to conditions that affect the brain, it does not specifically refer to fluid accumulation.

Spina bifida is a neural tube defect that occurs when the spinal cord does not close completely during fetal development. While it is a significant congenital condition, it is not related to fluid accumulation in the cranial cavity.

Agenesis refers to the absence or failure of an organ to develop, without specific ties to fluid accumulation. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why hydrocephalus is the correct choice in this context.